2017 Ducati Multistrada 950 (RM85,900)

   

        July. A month for Ducati releasing her 2017 bikes. Like it said on 24-28 March at One Utama shopping mall, Ducati will be lunching Multisrada (950cc),M and Monster (787cc). Previously. the Multistrada is the latest addition to Ducati’s dual-purpose sport-touring range, the Multistrada 1200, priced from RM114,999.

         Launched at the EICMA show in Milan, Italy, in 2016, the Multistrada 950 carries a 937 cc Testastretta 11, liquid-cooled, V-twin engine that produces 113 hp at 9,000 rpm and 96.2 Nm of torque at 7,750 rpm. Following the design of the Multistrada 1200 closely, the Multistrada 950 is lighter than its big sister at 229 kg compared to 239 kg.

        It also comes with an 840 mm seat height, with 820 and 860 mm seats available as options, compared to the standard 825 to 845 mm adjustable unit on the 1200. Standard on the 950 is power and riding modes, and the Ducati Safety Pack which provides ABS and traction control.

      Similar to the Multistrada 1200, the Multistrada 950 gets a KYB 48 mm fully adjustable upside-down fork in front, and a fully adjustable Sachs monoshock unit at the back with remote spring preload adjustment. Omitted from the 950 is cornering ABS, with braking done with a pair of 320 mm semi-floating discs in front clamped by Brembo Monobloc four-piston callipers and a single 265 mm disc at the back.

             Rolling on a 19-inch hoop in front, and a 17-incher in the rear, the Multistrada 950 is designed with long-range touring in mind. This is borne out by the 20-litre fuel tank, and 170 mm of suspension travel with a ground clearance of 183.5 mm.

 

         Additionally, the 2017 Ducati Monster 797, a return to the Monster’s roots of an air-cooled, V-twin hooligan street bike, will be on display at the Ducati Malaysia showroom at Naza World Automall in Petaling Jaya. The Monster 797 is priced between RM55,900 for the red and black colour schemes, while the white version will set you back RM56,900.

       All prices for the 2017 Ducati Multistrada 950 and Ducati Monster 797 include GST, but exclude registration, insurance and road tax. The Ducati Smart Service two-year parts service and lubricants package is included in the purchase price of every 2017 model Ducati.

Also read:

Ducati Panigale 1299
Ducati Day

2017 TOP 5 Malaysian New Superbike

     It's been April f 2017, but there are multiple of Motorcycle Launching around the country. But is there is a bike for you? It's time to find out. Check out our Top 5 Malaysia new superbike that introduce in 2017!

1. Kawasaki Versys X-250
   
   
   
       During the 2017 Kawasaki Road Safety Campaign launch at the Sungai Besi toll plaza today, it was strongly hinted that the 2017 Kawasaki Versys X 250 would be launched in Malaysia by the end of this month. The quarter-litre class dual-purpose tourer is expected to be in Kawasaki dealer showrooms by March or April, pending Customs clearance.
   
        No details were forthcoming about likely pricing for the Versys-X 250, which is expected to open a new segment for Kawasaki in the road-going 250 cc arena. Quietly launched in November last year, the Versys-X 250 carries a 249 cc liquid-cooled parallel twin with DOHC and eight-valves.
   
        Said to be based on the engine from the Kawasaki Ninja 250R, it is surmised that the Versys-X 250’s engine will produce somewhere about 29.9 hp at 10,500 rpm and 21.7 Nm torque at 10,000 rpm. Driving a six-speed gearbox, the Versys-X uses EFI, which feeds twin-throttle bodies equipped with dual throttle valves.
   
        Fuel is carried in a 17-litre tank, and braking is with single discs, 290 mm front and 220 mm rear, clamped by Nissin calipers. A 41 mm telescopic fork props up the front 19-inch wheel, with Kawasaki’s Uni-Trak single gas-charged absorber at the 17-inch rear.
   
       There are two versions of the Versys-X 250 – City and Tourer. The Tourer comes with a brush guard, twin auxiliary driving lights, hand guards and rear panniers, while the City version does without.
   
       No official word on pricing at the moment, but in Indonesia, the 2017 Kawasaki Versys-X 250 retails for 61,900,000 rupiah (RM20,756) for the City and 72,700,000 rupiah (RM24,377) for the Tourer. Two colour options are shown on Kawasaki’s Indonesian website for the Versys-X 250 – Candy Lime Green/Metallic Graphite Gray and Candy Burnt Orange/Metallic Graphite Gray for the Tourer, while the City gets Candy Lime Green/Metallic Graphite Gray and Metallic Graphite Gray/Flat Ebony.
   
   
   
   
2. Kawasaki Z650
   
   
   This is the alternate version of ER6N. Almost same spec, just different look. ER6N has touring bike design while this has sporty streetfighter bike.
   
   

   Engine
   Engine type	Liquid-cooled, 4-stroke Parallel Twin
   Displacement	649 cm3
   Bore x stroke	83.0 x 60.0 mm
   Compression ratio	10:8:1
   Valve/Induction system	DOHC, 8 valves
   Fuel system	Fuel injection: ø36 mm x 2 with dual throttle valves
   Starting	Electric
   Lubrication	Forced lubrication, semi-dry sump
   Performance & Transmission
   Maximum power	50.2 kW {68 PS} / 8,000 rpm
   Fuel consumption	4.3l/100 km
   CO2 Emission	103g/km
   Maximum torque	65.7 N•m {6.7 kgf•m} / 6,500 rpm
   Transmission	6-speed
   Final Drive	Sealed chain
   Primary reduction ratio	2.095 (88/42)
   Gear ratios: 1st	2.438 (39/16)
   Gear ratios: 2nd	1.714 (36/21)
   Gear ratios: 3rd	1.333 (32/24)
   Gear ratios: 4th	1.111 (30/27)
   Gear ratios: 5th	0.966 (28/29)
   Gear ratios: 6th	0.852 (23/27)
   Clutch	Wet multi-disc, manual

   
   

   Brakes
   Brakes, front	Dual semi-floating 300 mm petal discs. Caliper: Dual piston
   Brakes, rear	Single 220 mm petal disc. Caliper: Single-piston
   Suspension, front	41 mm telescopic fork
   Suspension, rear	Horizontal Back-link with preload adjustment
   Frame & Dimensions
   Frame type	Trellis, high-tensile steel
   Rake/Trail	100 mm
   Wheel travel, front	125 mm
   Wheel travel, rear	130 mm
   Tyre, front	120/70ZR17M/C (58W)
   Tyre, rear	160/60ZR17M/C (69W)
   Dimensions (L x W x H)	2,055 x 775 x 1,080 mm
   Wheelbase	1,410 mm
   Ground Clearance	130 mm
   Fuel capacity	15 litres
   Seat height	790 mm
   Curb Mass	187 kg

   
   Price? The 2017 Kawasaki Z650 naked sportsbike retails for RM35,609. Quite a bit more expensive than ER6N but she sure gives you more passion while riding..
   
   
3. Kawasaki Ninja 650R
   

   

   
   
            Hot on the heels of the price announcement for the 2017 Kawasaki Z650 ABS is the Malaysia price for the full-fairing Ninja 650 ABS, at RM37,189 including GST. Also released is the price for the Kawasaki Ninja 650 ABS Special Edition, which retails for RM38,189, including GST.
   
         Carrying the same 649 cc liquid-cooled, parallel-twin that puts out 67.3 hp at 8,000 rpm and 65.7 Nm of torque at 6,500 rpm as the Z650, the Ninja 650 carries Kawasaki’s middleweight supersports mantle, along with an illustrious model name that first appeared back in 1983, with the GPz900R.
   
         Like its sibling, Bosch 9.1M ABS is now standard for this pair of Kawasaki middle-weights, a welcome inclusion to the spec-sheet, as is an assist and slipper clutch. Both machines also have a low seat height of 790 mm, making them easy to ride and accessible for all rider types.
   
         Fuel for the Ninja 650 is carried in a 15-litre tank, and wet weight is claimed to be 193 kg. A new trellis frame ties everything together, and wheelbase is stated as 1,410 mm, which should make handling sporty.
   
          The Special Edition version of the 2017 Kawasaki Ninja 650 ABS- which goes for RM1,000 more – comes with a single-seat cover, smoked windshield, radiator cover and rim pin striping. Colour options for the Ninja 650 are Candy Burnt Orange for the base model, while the Special Edition comes in Kawasaki Green.
   
           Both the 2017 Kawasaki Ninja 650 and the Z650 – both of which are only available with ABS – will be in GT World Ninja, Ninja Shops and Kawasaki authorised premium dealers by March 8.
   

   
   
4. Kawasaki Z900
   
   
   
   
   
          The official Malaysian price for the 2017 Kawasaki Z900 ABS has been released, and it has been set at RM49,158, including GST. Joining the Z900 ABS is the 2017 Kawasaki Z900 ABS Special Edition, which goes for RM50,959, including GST.
   
             As the replacement for the Kawasaki Z800, the Z900 ABS is an all-new machine, which shares little with its predecessor except for general styling. The Z900 carries a 948 cc liquid-cooled, inline-four engine that puts out 124 hp at 9,500 rpm 98.6 Nm of torque at 7,700 rpm – 13 more hp than the Z800.
   
            Adding to the improvements made to the previous generation Z800, the Z900 now comes standard with a slipper clutch that stops wheel hop and chatter during hard downshifts. The instrument panel is now an LCD screen that shows the three ride modes, along with a shift-light incorporated into the tachometer.
   
         The base model of the Z900 comes in Grey, while the Special Edition is available in Blue. The Special Edition Z900 ABS comes equipped with a single seat cover, meter cover, DC outlet, radiator screen, sliders, engine covers, front-axle sliders and special graphics.
   
          Also included in the special edition version are OEM Kawasaki tank pad and knee pads. The 2017 Kawasaki Z900 ABS will be available at GT World Ninja, Ninja Shops and Kawasaki authorized premium dealers on April 8.
   
   
   
5. Yamaha R25A (with ABS)
   
   
      In 2017, Yamaha recently introduced the Yamaha R25 with ABS, also known as Yamaha R25A in Indonesia. The price has not yet stated, but the non-ABS Yamaha R25 still Rm19,783 OTR. Almost same spec with non ABS R25, but with RM1-2K, you will get extra accessories and ABS. The color available for R25 ABS in Malaysia are just Black Matte and Blue Silver, as they discontinue the Red White color in 2016.
   
   
   
   

TRIVIA

1. Even with Kawasaki Ninja 650R and Kawasaki Z650 launched, there is no official words that Kawasaki will discontinue selling Kawasaki Er6F and ER6N. 
2. Yamaha R25 has introduced ABS version in 2016, only available in Malaysia at 2017.
3. Kawasaki Z900 is almost same price with Kawasaki Z800. Also 25 kg lighter than Z800. Think twice before you purchase any.
4. Kawasaki Versys X-250 is the smallest touring bike from Kawasaki. It's also the smallest bike in it's class that include side boxes.
5. Kawasaki Ninja 650R has same facelift as Kawasaki 250R and 300R. Unlike Kawasaki Z650 that has her own facelift.

Benelli 302R Malaysia Launching

     The Benelli 302R is based on the TNT 300, essentially a full-fairing version of the 300cc naked and gets a new, updated and lighter chassis as well. In terms of looks, the front is radically different from the TNT 300, getting a full fairing and the split headlamp, although the rear is quite similar to its naked sibling. The 300cc, liquid-cooled, parallel twin engine makes 35bhp of power at 12,000rpm and 27Nm of torque at 9,000rpm. Transmission is taken care of by a six-speed gearbox and the bike comes with a USD fork at the front and a rear mono-shock. The Benelli 302R’s braking system consists of front dual-discs and a single disc mounted at the rear wheel. ABS is standard.

Technical Spec:

ENGINE TYPE
-In line 2 cylinders, 4-stroke, liquid cooled , 4 valves for cylinder double overhead camshaft
DISPLACEMENT
-300 c.c.
BORE x STROKE
-65 x 45,2 mm
CLUTCH 

-Wet clutch

GEARBOX 

-6 speeds
FINAL DRIVE

-Chain drive

DRY WEIGHT

-190 kg
TANK CAPACITY

-14L
RESERVE FUEL

-1.4L

The best part of it is the price! This full-fairing sports oriented 2017 Benelli 302R is set to go on sale at a price of RM23,200. All prices include GST, but exclude road tax, registration and insurance. So this is the cheapest 300cc bike you can find. Not to mention, it has the best sound on her class!

KTN Z II 200

 At the same time after launching KTN Rhino, the KTN Z II 200 also introduced, replacing previous model, the KTN Z One 200 and KTN Z Oen 200 R (full fairing version). Unlike KTN Rhino, Z II 200 not open for booking yet. But they said this bike is a rival to KTM Duke 200.

Read Also: KTN Rhino

The older version, KTN Z One 200 and KTN Z One 200 R)

The products of KTNS Holding Berhad.

Benelli TNT 135 Launched In Malaysia

     Benelli Malaysia just launched a their brand new model at Hard Rock Cafe Kuala Lumpur, the Benelli TNT 135. This small bike features 135cc of engine displacement, SOHC, Eletronic Fuel Injection (EFi), and liquid cooler. TNT 135 has 5 gears of transmission.

    Although this bike is a mini bike but the performance never disappoint you. Benelli TNT 135 produce 12.6 horsepower @ 9,000 rpm, and maximum torque is 10.8Nm @ 7,000 rpm. That gives this petite bike a more sporty passion while you ride it. This bike said to be a rival to Honda MSX 125.

   Besides, Benelli TNT 135 also featuring Catalyst and Second Air System Exhaust, an exhaust system that gives you a sporty sound. The 5 gears transmission using wet clutch. Using electric starter,  and this bike using 1.1 litter of engine oil. The dry weight is just 116 kg, and the fuel tank has 7.2 L capacity. Front brake disc featuring 220 mm with 2 pistons gives you more power braking and the 41 mm upside down fork giving you a stability and comfortable while riding, especially when handling corners. LED front lamp gives you a better view during night.  The good news, starting price with RM 7,990.00.

Read: Bike 4 U

Read: Benelli TNT 300

Naza N5R The Cheapest Full Fairing Bike

      Recently, Naza introduced their new model. A full fairing version of Naza N5. The Naza N5R. Almost all the spec are same as Naza N5, but Naza N5R just happened to be the lowest price of full fairing bike. That's RM 13,888.00. This quiet a good new for those who just looking a full fairing bike as their starter bike.

       This model has same specification with Naza N5. 249cc of displacement. Single cylinder. DOHC 4 stroke. The cooling system is liquid cooler. And has 6 speed transmission using wet clutch type. Naza N5R produces 28 horsepower @9500 rpm, 24.17 Nm of torque @ 7000 rpm. Curb weight is just 160kg (dry weight 143 kg) making this bike a superlight full fairing. So if you want a superbike with low cost, this bike is really for you. The rear tire is 150/60-17, bigger than standard Kawasaki Ninja. So this bike is really close to 600cc bike.

TRIVIA

1. Since Redza Velocita is no longer in market, Naza N5R hold the cheapest full fairing bike for 2016.
2. It has switchable riding position.
3. For a super sports position that focuses on sports riding with excellent control ability, the seat height is raised by 20 mm, the handle bars are lowered by 30 mm and step position moved back 30 mm.
4. For a street sports position that focuses on daily street riding with excellent accessibility, the seat height is lowered by 20 mm, the handle bars are raised by 30 mm and step position moved forward by 30 mm.
5. Using lightweight steel tubular, with total dry weight 143 kg, making this bike lightest among her rivals.
6. Special Edition also available with price RM 15,888.00. Has no different of performance, only decals, exhaust and few accessories.
7. Rival to KTM RC250 and Kawasaki Ninja Z250SL. 
8. This model is based on Hyosung Exiv R250.

 (The Hyosung Exiv R250.)

2017 Honda CBR 250RR

Overview
Honda has come up with its lightweight, highly efficient, twin cylinder bike named as 'CBR250RR'. The ‘Light Weight Super Sport Concept’ (CBR250RR) was unveiled earlier at the 2015 Tokyo Motor Show. The production model has now been unveiled in Indonesia on July 25. Although still no news about launching in Malaysia, but if launched it is expected to sweep away its rivals with its high performance figures, design and much more. The key rivals of CBR250RR in Malaysia would be Kawasaki Ninja 250RR and Yamaha R25.

Read: Malaysian Top 5 Malaysian Beginner Bike (2014)

Read:  Top 6 Malaysian Beginner Bike(2015)

Design and Style

It has Robocop's superbike looks to me. Well, since the 250RR comes from the CBR series, so undoubtedly it is going to have a head turning design. It features some of the sharpest curves for cheating the wind over its passage.. On the exterior, the bike features matte-black-based low-contrast graphics which adds more to its beauty of the beast.

The 2017 Honda CBR250RR is based on a newly developed steel truss frame, with aluminium type swing arm. The right-side swing arm has been shaped to reduce exhaust pipe extrusion which makes the bike look slimmer while retaining the bank angle. The CBR250RR has got a similar front face as that of the CBR series. To add on its beauty, the bike has dual-LED headlights, sharp wedge-shape, long nose, acute tail, sharp body lines, sculpted fuel tank and chiselled tail section. It features conventional single side exhaust muffler which is supposed to be a 2-1-2 system that is compatible with the overall bike design.

Dimensions and Fuel Capacity
Honda CBR250RR is a big step by the Honda in terms of design and styling. The bike has got an overall length of 2060 mm, overall width of 724 mm and overall height of 1098 mm. The seat height is 790 mm and the wheelbase is 1389 mm. The bike has got a 145 mm ground clearance. The fuel tank capacity of the bike is 14.5 L with 1.9 L oil tank capacity.

Engine and Gearbox
Honda CBR250RR will get its power from the twin cylinder, 249.7 cc, 4-stroke, 8-valve, liquid cooled engine which generates 38.2 Bhp @ 12,500 rpm of maximum power and 23.3 NM @ 11,000 rpm of maximum torque. Has 6 gears of transmission,with multiple wet clutch with coil spring, she is clearly a rival for Ninja 250rr and R25.

Others
CBR250RR has ABS on her braking system.The braking jobs are performed by 310 mm front and 240 mm rear disc brakes. Could feel safer that way. This bike expected to reach 180 kph easily. Don't worry. This is a fast bike for 250cc. 

CBR250RR has got a fully digital instrument console which includes digital speedometer, trip meter, tachometer, odometer, clock and fuel gauge. The instrument panel also includes ABS light, gear indicator, service reminder, low oil indicator, low battery indicator and rev limiter indicator.

(Photo Credit: Indian Bikers)

Demak Skyline GT 250

    Due to successful of previous model, the Skyline 200, now Demak launching latest model, the Skyline GT 250 and Dart DTX 250 (find more about Dart DTX 250 HERE). The face lift and design are very close to previous model, the Skyline 200. But, this comes with 250 cc engine, more horsepower, and Oil Cooling Engine System (Previous one are using air cooling). For more, let see the quick spec of this bike.

Specifications of SKYLINE GT 250 Motorcycle

DIMENSION
Overall Length 2020 mm
Overall Width 710 mm
Overall Height 1070 mm
Wheelbase 1340 mm
Min. Ground Clearance 150 mm
Seat Height 810mm
Kerb Weight 145 Kg

ENGINE And Transmission
Engine Type 4-Stroke, SOHC, Air & Oil Cooled Vertical Engine
No. of Cylinder 1
Cylinder Bore 66.5mm
Stroke 66.2mm
Displacement 250cc
Compression Ratio 9.0:1
Maximum Power 12kW /7500rpm
Maximum Torque 17N.m /6500rpm
Carburetor Shengwei PZ30
Air Cleaner Paper Core
Starter System Electric and Kick
Idle Speed 1500± 100rpm
Clutch Wet multi-plate type
Transmission & Gear Shift Pattern 6-speed (1 Down 5 Up)
Primary Reduction Ratio 3.091
Final Reduction Ratio 3.230
Gear Ratio of 1st gear 3.083
Gear Ratio of 2nd gear 2.063
Gear Ratio of 3rd gear 1.450
Gear Ratio of 4th gear 1.130
Gear Ratio of 5th gear 0.957
Gear Ratio of 6th gear 0.815
Drive Chain Zhenghe 520Hs-110 knobs

CHASSIS
Front Shock: Absorber Oil Damped Telescopic Fork
Rear Shock: Absorber Swing Arm Type Monoshock
Front Shock: Absorber Stroke 110.5mm
Steering Angle: (Left & Right) 44°
Front Brake: Disc Brake
Rear Brake: Disc Brake
Front Tyre Size: 110/70-17
Rear Tyre Size :130/70-17
Electrical
Ignition Type: C.D.I
Ignition Timing: 10°±1.5°@ rpm
Spark Plug: NGK
Battery: 12V9AH
Fuse: 15A-250v
Headlight: 12V 35/35W
Brake Light / Taillight: LED12V0.5 /0.8W
Turn Signal Light: LED 12V0.5 W

Capacity
Fuel Tank:  13.0 L
Front Fork Oil:  180 ml
Engine Oil: 1.3 L

          As you can see, the successful of Malaysia bike brings more R&D, and keep improving from time to time. TO me, these Malaysian bikes are ready to compete with others world brand bike on its class. Many people said this Skyline is a duplicate from a combination Kawasaki Z800 and Ducati Paniegale, but now we know there is originality on this Skyline. People don't call it Kawasaki anymore. They know that this is Skyline.More people know about this brand.

    To me,this is one of the best bike for starter. You can use it for both weekend ride or daily use. The maintenance are goo, fuel consumption not good as Yamaha Fz 150 / M-Slaz 150. But the price is good. You can get this bike with below Rm 10,000.00 budget. On mudah.my, the price featured are RM 9,688.00. Its introduced on March 2016, but took place at market on April 2016. Good luck, guys.

Demak Dart DXT 250

     Introducing the brand new Demak model; The Dart DXT 250. Unlike previous model of Skyline 200 this Dart DXT 250 are really close to KTM Duke 200. This model introduced late March 2016, and haven't placed in Malaysian Market yet. Unlike the, Skyline GT 250 also introduced at same time, but entered Malaysian Market on early April 2016. Maybe we should wait a bit more about this bike.

(Yupz, no doubt. This 10 L fuel tank really look like Duke 200)

Here we go for a specification of this Demak Skyline

1. Dimension
   
   Overall Length               : 2010 mm
   Overall Width:               : 865 mm
   Overall Height:              : 1105 mm
   Wheelbase                     : 1360 mm
   Min. Ground Clearance   : 200 mm
   Seat Height                   : 785 mm
   Dry Weight                    : 133 Kg
   
   
   
2. Engine
   
   Engine Type             : 4-Stroke, SOHC, Air & Oil Cooled Vertical Engine
   No. of Cylinder:       : 1
   Cylinder Bore           : 65.5 mm
   Stroke                     : 66.2 mm
   Displacement           : 250 cc
   Compression Ratio  : 9.0:1
   Maximum Power     : 12 Kw / 7500 rpm
   Maximum Torque    :17 N.m / 6000rpm
   Carburetor              : PZ30
   Air Cleaner             : Paper Core Filter type
   Starter:                  : Electric
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
3. Transmission
   
   Clutch Wet                      : Multi-plate type
   Transmission and             : 6-speed (1 Down 5 Up)
   Gear Shift Pattern
   Primary Reduction Ratio   : 3.091
   Final Reduction Ratio       : 3.231
   Gear Ratio of 1st gear      : 3.083
   Gear Ratio of 2nd gear     : 2.063
   Gear Ratio of 3rd gear      : 1.450
   Gear Ratio of 4th gear      : 1.130
   Gear Ratio of 5th gear      : 0.957
   Drive Chain                      : 520#
   
   
   
   
   
4. Chassis
   
   Front Shock Absorber                : Upside down Oil Damped Telescopic Fork
   Rear Shock Absorber                 : Swing Arm Type Monoshock
   Front Shock Absorber  Stroke    : 140 mm
   Steering Angle (Left & Right )   : 34°
   Front Brake                              : Disc Brake
   Rear Brake                               : Disc Brake
   Front Tyre Size                         : 110/70-17
   Rear Tyre Size                          : 150/60-17
   
   
   
   
   
5. Electrical
   
   Ignition Type    : C.D.I
   Ignition Timing : 15±2 (1500r/min)
   Spark Plug        : NGK D8EA
   Battery             : 12V 9Ah
   Fuse                 : 10A
   Headlight         :  12V 35/55W
   Brake and Taillight  : 12V 21/5W
   Turn Signal Light     : 12V 10W
   
   
   
   
   
6. Capacity
   
   Fuel Tank  :10 L
   Engine Oil :1300 ml
   Front Fork Oil :370 ml
   
   
   
   
   
   
          So far, previous model of Demak like DZM 200 and Skyline 200 give really good impression and very good sale. Even though this look a lot to Duke 200, but there is something inside this bike that you won't feel the same with others bike. Can't wait to see this bike hit the road.